Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), commonly known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections communicated through sexual contact. Bacteria, viruses, and parasites can all cause them, and they can affect both men and women. STDs can cause major health problems and can even be life-threatening if left untreated, so it’s critical to understand the risks and how to avoid them.

STDs and their Causes

STDs are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex, can transfer these bacteria. Some STDs can also be transmitted by skin-to-skin contact or needle sharing.

STD Signs and Symptoms

STD symptoms differ based on the type of infection. Among the most common symptoms are:

• Painful urinating 
• Discharge from the penis or vagina
• Sores or pimples on the genitals or within the mouth
• Itching or burning sensations in the vaginal area
• Pain when having intercourse 
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Flu-like symptoms such as fever, tiredness

It’s worth noting that some people may not exhibit any symptoms at all, which is why regular testing is essential.

STD classifications

STDs come in a variety of forms, including:

• Gonorrhoea: A bacterial infection of the genitals, rectum, and throat.
• Syphilis: A bacterial infection that results in sores, rashes, and other symptoms.
• Herpes: A viral illness that can cause mouth or genital sores or blisters.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV): A virus that can cause cervical cancer and the risk is increased by genital warts.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): A virus that targets the immune system and can result in AIDS.
• Hepatitis B: A viral infection that can harm the liver.
• Trichomoniasis: A parasite infection of the vaginal tract.

Risk Factors for Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Anyone who engages in sexual activity is at risk for STDs, however certain variables are:

• Having sex with several partners
• Having sex without protection
• Using drugs or alcohol during sex 
• Suffering from a weakened immune system
• Having an STD-carrying partner

Preventing STDs

The most effective method to avoid STDs is to practise safe sex. This involves using condoms during intercourse and having regular tests. It’s also a good idea to limit your sexual partners and avoid having intercourse with anyone who has an STD.

STD treatment options

STD treatments differ based on the type of infection. Antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial illnesses such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and syphilis. Herpes and HIV are not curable, however, there are drugs that can help manage symptoms and lower the risk of transmission. If you suspect you have an STD, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible.

STD screening

STD testing is a simple and crucial approach to protect your overall health. Many STDs can be discovered with a blood or urine test, while others necessitate a swab or physical examination. Even if there are no symptoms, testing is suggested for anyone who is sexually active.

When should you see a doctor?

If you have any signs of an STD or believe you have been exposed to one, you should consult a doctor right away. Early detection and treatment can avoid significant health problems and lower the risk of illness spreading to others.

Furthermore, if you are pregnant or trying to get pregnant, you should consult a doctor because some STDs can create issues during pregnancy and harm the baby’s health.

At Surya Hospitals we provide a variety of STD prevention, diagnosis, and treatment services. Our skilled team of gynaecologists and infectious disease specialists can offer private testing and treatment, as well as counselling and teaching on safe sex practices. Please do not hesitate to call Surya Hospitals if you suspect or experience any of the mentioned symptoms of STD.

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